Introduction Global climate change is having profound effects on food nutrition and agrobiodiversity, which are critical to food security, human health and environmental sustainability. Agrobiodiversity, which refers to the variety and variability of plants, animals, and microorganisms used directly or indirectly for food and agriculture, is essential for sustaining ecosystems, improving agricultural resilience, and maintaining…

Introduction Climate change is increasingly recognized as a global threat, impacting ecosystems around the world. In Nepal, where the biodiversity of the mountain ecosystems is critical to both local livelihoods and global ecological health, the effects of climate change are becoming more visible with each passing year. Nepal’s mountain regions, including the Himalayas, are hotspots…

Introduction Traditional farming practices have been essential in maintaining and preserving agro-biodiversity for centuries. Unlike modern industrial agriculture, which often prioritizes high-yield monocultures, traditional systems foster a rich variety of plants, animals, and microorganisms. These practices not only ensure the sustainability of ecosystems but also provide critical resources for food security, cultural heritage, and ecological…

The global agricultural system is switching from chemical farming to organic farming. With growing awareness about the environmental and health impacts of synthetic chemicals, the shift towards organic farming has become practical. While the conversion process is challenging, but it offers long-term benefits for both the environment and farmers. So, people are adopting organic farming…

Introduction: Nepal is a landlocked country which is sandwiched between two giant Asian countries India and China. Nepal is situated in South Asia between 26°22′ to 30°27′ north latitude and 80°4′ to 88°12′ east longitude. Nepal extends over a length of 885 km from east to west and has a non-uniform width of 193 km…

Nepal’s rich cultural and biological diversity is embodied in its Indigenous communities, which constitute about 35.08% of the population. Recognized officially in 2002, these communities encompass over 92 distinct ethnic groups and languages, each possessing unique cultural practices and knowledge systems. This indigenous wisdom is vital for understanding, conserving, and sustainably utilizing agro-biodiversity, a crucial…

Introduction In the context of the 21st century, climate change emerges as one of the most significant challenges, posing severe threats to agriculture and global food security. As the climate continues to warm, the resulting weather patterns are increasingly erratic, marked by a surge in extreme events such as droughts, floods, heatwaves, and storms. These…

Agriculture is the backbone of Nepal’s economy, employing around 62% of the population and contributing nearly one-third of the country’s GDP. With its unique geographical diversity, ranging from the lowland Terai to the mid-hills and high mountains, Nepal’s agricultural sector is highly dependent on natural weather patterns and ecosystems. However, climate change is becoming an…

Nepal, a nation well-known for its breathtaking natural settings and abundant biodiversity, finds itself at a crucial turning point in the struggle against climate change. Nepal is in a unique position to gain from carbon trading, a market-based strategy intended to lower greenhouse gas emissions because of its extensive forests and distinctive ecosystems. This article…

Introduction Climate change is a natural process but recent trends related to climate change are alarming mainly due to anthropogenic reasons. Climate change is making a big impact on agriculture everywhere. The level of greenhouse gases (GHGs) mainly carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N20) and methane (CH4) have been rapidly increasing after the industrial revolution….